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thinkphp5.0极速搭建restful风格接口层(实例解析)

amp 39 gt curl 849    来源:    2024-10-27

下面由thinkphp/" target="_blank">thinkphp框架教程栏目给大家介绍thinkphp5.0极速搭建restful风格接口层实例,希望对需要的朋友有所帮助!

下面是基于ThinkPHP V5.0 RC4框架,以restful风格完成的新闻查询(get)、新闻增加(post)、新闻修改(put)、新闻删除(delete)等server接口层。

1、下载ThinkPHP V5.0 RC4版本;

2、配置虚拟域名(非必须,只是为了方便);

Apache\conf\extra\httpd-vhosts.conf

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<VirtualHost *:80>
    DocumentRoot "D:/webroot/tp5/public"
    ServerName www.tp5-restful.com
    <Directory "D:/webroot/tp5/public">
    DirectoryIndex index.html index.php 
    AllowOverride All
    Order deny,allow
    Allow from all
    </Directory>
</VirtualHost>

3、开启伪静态支持.htaccess文件

apache方法:

a)在conf目录下httpd.conf中找到下面这行并去掉#

LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so

b)将所有AllowOverride None改成AllowOverride All

public\.htaccess文件内容:

<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
Options +FollowSymlinks -Multiviews
RewriteEngine on

RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ index.php [L,E=PATH_INFO:$1]
</IfModule>

4、创建测试数据
tprestful.sql

--
-- 数据库: `tprestful`
--

-- --------------------------------------------------------

--
-- 表的结构 `news`
--

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `news` (
  `id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `title` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
  `content` text NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM  DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT=&#39;新闻表&#39; AUTO_INCREMENT=1;

--
-- 转存表中的数据 `news`
--

INSERT INTO `news` (`id`, `title`, `content`) VALUES
(null, &#39;新闻1&#39;, &#39;新闻1内容&#39;),
(null, &#39;新闻2&#39;, &#39;新闻2内容&#39;),
(null, &#39;新闻3&#39;, &#39;新闻3内容&#39;),
(null, &#39;房价又涨了&#39;, &#39;据新华社消息:上海均价环比上涨5%&#39;);

5、修改数据库配置文件
application\database.php

<?php
return [
    // 数据库类型
    &#39;type&#39;           => &#39;mysql&#39;,
    // 服务器地址
    &#39;hostname&#39;       => &#39;127.0.0.1&#39;,
    // 数据库名
    &#39;database&#39;       => &#39;tprestful&#39;,
    // 用户名
    &#39;username&#39;       => &#39;root&#39;,
    // 密码
    &#39;password&#39;       => &#39;123456&#39;,
    // 端口
    &#39;hostport&#39;       => &#39;&#39;,
    // 连接dsn
    &#39;dsn&#39;            => &#39;&#39;,
    // 数据库连接参数
    &#39;params&#39;         => [],
    // 数据库编码默认采用utf8
    &#39;charset&#39;        => &#39;utf8&#39;,
    // 数据库表前缀
    &#39;prefix&#39;         => &#39;&#39;,
    // 数据库调试模式
    &#39;debug&#39;          => true,
    // 数据库部署方式:0 集中式(单一服务器),1 分布式(主从服务器)
    &#39;deploy&#39;         => 0,
    // 数据库读写是否分离 主从式有效
    &#39;rw_separate&#39;    => false,
    // 读写分离后 主服务器数量
    &#39;master_num&#39;     => 1,
    // 指定从服务器序号
    &#39;slave_no&#39;       => &#39;&#39;,
    // 是否严格检查字段是否存在
    &#39;fields_strict&#39;  => true,
    // 数据集返回类型 array 数组 collection Collection对象
    &#39;resultset_type&#39; => &#39;array&#39;,
    // 是否自动写入时间戳字段
    &#39;auto_timestamp&#39; => false,
    // 是否需要进行SQL性能分析
    &#39;sql_explain&#39;    => false,
];

6、定义restful风格的路由规则,
application\route.php

<?php
use think\Route;
Route::get(&#39;/&#39;,function(){
    return &#39;Hello,world!&#39;;
});
Route::get(&#39;news/:id&#39;,&#39;index/News/read&#39;);   //查询
Route::post(&#39;news&#39;,&#39;index/News/add&#39;);       //新增
Route::put(&#39;news/:id&#39;,&#39;index/News/update&#39;); //修改
Route::delete(&#39;news/:id&#39;,&#39;index/News/delete&#39;); //删除
//Route::any(&#39;new/:id&#39;,&#39;News/read&#39;);        // 所有请求都支持的路由规则

7、新建模型
application\index\model\News.php

<?php
namespace app\index\model;
use think\Model;
class News extends Model{
    protected $pk = &#39;id&#39;;
    //protected static $table = &#39;news&#39;;
}

8、新建控制器
application\index\controller\News.php

<?php
namespace app\index\controller;
use think\Request;
use think\controller\Rest;

class News extends Rest{
    public function rest(){
        switch ($this->method){
            case &#39;get&#39;:     //查询
                $this->read($id);
                break;
            case &#39;post&#39;:    //新增
                $this->add();
                break;
            case &#39;put&#39;:     //修改
                $this->update($id);
                break;
            case &#39;delete&#39;:  //删除
                $this->delete($id);
                break;
            
        }
    }
    public function read($id){
        $model = model(&#39;News&#39;);
        //$data = $model::get($id)->getData();
        //$model = new NewsModel();
        $data=$model->where(&#39;id&#39;, $id)->find();// 查询单个数据
        return json($data);
    }
    
    public function add(){
        $model = model(&#39;News&#39;);
        $param=Request::instance()->param();//获取当前请求的所有变量(经过过滤)
        if($model->save($param)){
            return json(["status"=>1]);
        }else{
            return json(["status"=>0]);
        }
    }
    public function update($id){
        $model = model(&#39;News&#39;);
        $param=Request::instance()->param();
        if($model->where("id",$id)->update($param)){
            return json(["status"=>1]);
        }else{
            return json(["status"=>0]);
        }
    }
    public function delete($id){
        
        $model = model(&#39;News&#39;);
        $rs=$model::get($id)->delete();
        if($rs){
            return json(["status"=>1]);
        }else{
            return json(["status"=>0]);
        }
    }
}

9、测试
a)、访问入口文件,默认在public\index.php

b)、客户端测试restful的get、post、put、delete方法

client\client.php

<?php
require_once &#39;./ApiClient.php&#39;;

$param = array(
  &#39;title&#39; => &#39;房价又涨了&#39;,
  &#39;content&#39; => &#39;据新华社消息:上海均价环比上涨5%&#39;
);
$api_url = &#39;http://www.tp5-restful.com/news/4&#39;; 
$rest = new restClient($api_url, $param, &#39;get&#39;);
$info = $rest->doRequest();
//$status = $rest->status;//获取curl中的状态信息


$api_url = &#39;http://www.tp5-restful.com/news&#39;; 
$rest = new restClient($api_url, $param, &#39;post&#39;);
$info = $rest->doRequest();

$api_url = &#39;http://www.tp5-restful.com/news/4&#39;; 
$rest = new restClient($api_url, $param, &#39;put&#39;);
$info = $rest->doRequest();

echo &#39;<pre/>&#39;;
print_r($info);exit;

$api_url = &#39;http://www.tp5-restful.com/news/4&#39;; 
$rest = new restClient($api_url, $param, &#39;delete&#39;);
$info = $rest->doRequest();
?>

请求工具类
client\ApiClient.php

<?php
class restClient
{
  //请求的token
  const token=&#39;yangyulong&#39;;
  
  //请求url
  private $url;
    
  //请求的类型
  private $requestType;
    
  //请求的数据
  private $data;
    
  //curl实例
  private $curl;
  
  public $status;
  
  private $headers = array();
  /**
   * [__construct 构造方法, 初始化数据]
   * @param [type] $url     请求的服务器地址
   * @param [type] $requestType 发送请求的方法
   * @param [type] $data    发送的数据
   * @param integer $url_model  路由请求方式
   */
  public function __construct($url, $data = array(), $requestType = &#39;get&#39;) {
      
    //url是必须要传的,并且是符合PATHINFO模式的路径
    if (!$url) {
      return false;
    }
    $this->requestType = strtolower($requestType);
    $paramUrl = &#39;&#39;;
    // PATHINFO模式
    if (!empty($data)) {
      foreach ($data as $key => $value) {
        $paramUrl.= $key . &#39;=&#39; . $value.&#39;&&#39;;
      }
      $url = $url .&#39;?&#39;. $paramUrl;
    }
      
    //初始化类中的数据
    $this->url = $url;
      
    $this->data = $data;
    try{
      if(!$this->curl = curl_init()){
        throw new Exception(&#39;curl初始化错误:&#39;);
      };
    }catch (Exception $e){
      echo &#39;<pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">&#39;;
      print_r($e->getMessage());
      echo &#39;

'; }

curl_setopt($this-&gt;curl, CURLOPT_URL, $this-&gt;url);
curl_setopt($this-&gt;curl, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
//curl_setopt($this-&gt;curl, CURLOPT_HEADER, 1);

}

/** * [_post 设置get请求的参数] * @return [type] [description] */ public function _get() {

}

/** * [_post 设置post请求的参数] * post 新增资源 * @return [type] [description] */ public function _post() {

curl_setopt($this-&gt;curl, CURLOPT_POST, 1);

curl_setopt($this-&gt;curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $this-&gt;data);

}

/** * [_put 设置put请求] * put 更新资源 * @return [type] [description] */ public function _put() {

curl_setopt($this-&gt;curl, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, 'PUT');

}

/** * [_delete 删除资源] * delete 删除资源 * @return [type] [description] */ public function _delete() { curl_setopt($this->curl, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, 'DELETE');

}

/** * [doRequest 执行发送请求] * @return [type] [description] */ public function doRequest() { //发送给服务端验证信息 if((null !== self::token) && self::token){ $this->headers = array( 'Client-Token:'.self::token,//此处不能用下划线 'Client-Code:'.$this->setAuthorization() ); }

//发送头部信息
$this-&gt;setHeader();

//发送请求方式
switch ($this-&gt;requestType) {
  case 'post':
    $this-&gt;_post();
    break;

  case 'put':
    $this-&gt;_put();
    break;

  case 'delete':
    $this-&gt;_delete();
    break;

  default:
    curl_setopt($this-&gt;curl, CURLOPT_HTTPGET, TRUE);
    break;
}
//执行curl请求
$info = curl_exec($this-&gt;curl);

//获取curl执行状态信息
$this-&gt;status = $this-&gt;getInfo();
return $info;

}

/** * 设置发送的头部信息 */ private function setHeader(){ curl_setopt($this->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $this->headers); }

/** * 生成授权码 * @return string 授权码 */ private function setAuthorization(){ $authorization = md5(substr(md5(self::token), 8, 24).self::token); return $authorization; } /** * 获取curl中的状态信息 */ public function getInfo(){ return curl_getinfo($this->curl); }

/** * 关闭curl连接 */ public function __destruct(){ curl_close($this->curl); } }

完整代码从我github下载:https://github.com/phper-hard/tp5-restful