下面由thinkphp/" target="_blank">thinkphp框架教程栏目给大家介绍thinkphp5.0极速搭建restful风格接口层实例,希望对需要的朋友有所帮助!
下面是基于ThinkPHP V5.0 RC4框架,以restful风格完成的新闻查询(get)、新闻增加(post)、新闻修改(put)、新闻删除(delete)等server接口层。
1、下载ThinkPHP V5.0 RC4版本;
2、配置虚拟域名(非必须,只是为了方便);
Apache\conf\extra\httpd-vhosts.conf
立即学习“PHP免费学习笔记(深入)”;
<VirtualHost *:80> DocumentRoot "D:/webroot/tp5/public" ServerName www.tp5-restful.com <Directory "D:/webroot/tp5/public"> DirectoryIndex index.html index.php AllowOverride All Order deny,allow Allow from all </Directory> </VirtualHost>
3、开启伪静态支持.htaccess文件
apache方法:
a)在conf目录下httpd.conf中找到下面这行并去掉#
LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so
b)将所有AllowOverride None改成AllowOverride All
public\.htaccess文件内容:
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c> Options +FollowSymlinks -Multiviews RewriteEngine on RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteRule ^(.*)$ index.php [L,E=PATH_INFO:$1] </IfModule>
4、创建测试数据
tprestful.sql
-- -- 数据库: `tprestful` -- -- -------------------------------------------------------- -- -- 表的结构 `news` -- CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `news` ( `id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `title` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `content` text NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT='新闻表' AUTO_INCREMENT=1; -- -- 转存表中的数据 `news` -- INSERT INTO `news` (`id`, `title`, `content`) VALUES (null, '新闻1', '新闻1内容'), (null, '新闻2', '新闻2内容'), (null, '新闻3', '新闻3内容'), (null, '房价又涨了', '据新华社消息:上海均价环比上涨5%');
5、修改数据库配置文件
application\database.php
<?php return [ // 数据库类型 'type' => 'mysql', // 服务器地址 'hostname' => '127.0.0.1', // 数据库名 'database' => 'tprestful', // 用户名 'username' => 'root', // 密码 'password' => '123456', // 端口 'hostport' => '', // 连接dsn 'dsn' => '', // 数据库连接参数 'params' => [], // 数据库编码默认采用utf8 'charset' => 'utf8', // 数据库表前缀 'prefix' => '', // 数据库调试模式 'debug' => true, // 数据库部署方式:0 集中式(单一服务器),1 分布式(主从服务器) 'deploy' => 0, // 数据库读写是否分离 主从式有效 'rw_separate' => false, // 读写分离后 主服务器数量 'master_num' => 1, // 指定从服务器序号 'slave_no' => '', // 是否严格检查字段是否存在 'fields_strict' => true, // 数据集返回类型 array 数组 collection Collection对象 'resultset_type' => 'array', // 是否自动写入时间戳字段 'auto_timestamp' => false, // 是否需要进行SQL性能分析 'sql_explain' => false, ];
6、定义restful风格的路由规则,
application\route.php
<?php use think\Route; Route::get('/',function(){ return 'Hello,world!'; }); Route::get('news/:id','index/News/read'); //查询 Route::post('news','index/News/add'); //新增 Route::put('news/:id','index/News/update'); //修改 Route::delete('news/:id','index/News/delete'); //删除 //Route::any('new/:id','News/read'); // 所有请求都支持的路由规则
7、新建模型
application\index\model\News.php
<?php namespace app\index\model; use think\Model; class News extends Model{ protected $pk = 'id'; //protected static $table = 'news'; }
8、新建控制器
application\index\controller\News.php
<?php namespace app\index\controller; use think\Request; use think\controller\Rest; class News extends Rest{ public function rest(){ switch ($this->method){ case 'get': //查询 $this->read($id); break; case 'post': //新增 $this->add(); break; case 'put': //修改 $this->update($id); break; case 'delete': //删除 $this->delete($id); break; } } public function read($id){ $model = model('News'); //$data = $model::get($id)->getData(); //$model = new NewsModel(); $data=$model->where('id', $id)->find();// 查询单个数据 return json($data); } public function add(){ $model = model('News'); $param=Request::instance()->param();//获取当前请求的所有变量(经过过滤) if($model->save($param)){ return json(["status"=>1]); }else{ return json(["status"=>0]); } } public function update($id){ $model = model('News'); $param=Request::instance()->param(); if($model->where("id",$id)->update($param)){ return json(["status"=>1]); }else{ return json(["status"=>0]); } } public function delete($id){ $model = model('News'); $rs=$model::get($id)->delete(); if($rs){ return json(["status"=>1]); }else{ return json(["status"=>0]); } } }
9、测试
a)、访问入口文件,默认在public\index.php
b)、客户端测试restful的get、post、put、delete方法
client\client.php
<?php require_once './ApiClient.php'; $param = array( 'title' => '房价又涨了', 'content' => '据新华社消息:上海均价环比上涨5%' ); $api_url = 'http://www.tp5-restful.com/news/4'; $rest = new restClient($api_url, $param, 'get'); $info = $rest->doRequest(); //$status = $rest->status;//获取curl中的状态信息 $api_url = 'http://www.tp5-restful.com/news'; $rest = new restClient($api_url, $param, 'post'); $info = $rest->doRequest(); $api_url = 'http://www.tp5-restful.com/news/4'; $rest = new restClient($api_url, $param, 'put'); $info = $rest->doRequest(); echo '<pre/>'; print_r($info);exit; $api_url = 'http://www.tp5-restful.com/news/4'; $rest = new restClient($api_url, $param, 'delete'); $info = $rest->doRequest(); ?>
请求工具类
client\ApiClient.php
<?php class restClient { //请求的token const token='yangyulong'; //请求url private $url; //请求的类型 private $requestType; //请求的数据 private $data; //curl实例 private $curl; public $status; private $headers = array(); /** * [__construct 构造方法, 初始化数据] * @param [type] $url 请求的服务器地址 * @param [type] $requestType 发送请求的方法 * @param [type] $data 发送的数据 * @param integer $url_model 路由请求方式 */ public function __construct($url, $data = array(), $requestType = 'get') { //url是必须要传的,并且是符合PATHINFO模式的路径 if (!$url) { return false; } $this->requestType = strtolower($requestType); $paramUrl = ''; // PATHINFO模式 if (!empty($data)) { foreach ($data as $key => $value) { $paramUrl.= $key . '=' . $value.'&'; } $url = $url .'?'. $paramUrl; } //初始化类中的数据 $this->url = $url; $this->data = $data; try{ if(!$this->curl = curl_init()){ throw new Exception('curl初始化错误:'); }; }catch (Exception $e){ echo '<pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">'; print_r($e->getMessage()); echo '
'; }
curl_setopt($this->curl, CURLOPT_URL, $this->url);
curl_setopt($this->curl, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
//curl_setopt($this->curl, CURLOPT_HEADER, 1);
}
/** * [_post 设置get请求的参数] * @return [type] [description] */ public function _get() {
}
/** * [_post 设置post请求的参数] * post 新增资源 * @return [type] [description] */ public function _post() {
curl_setopt($this->curl, CURLOPT_POST, 1);
curl_setopt($this->curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $this->data);
}
/** * [_put 设置put请求] * put 更新资源 * @return [type] [description] */ public function _put() {
curl_setopt($this->curl, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, 'PUT');
}
/** * [_delete 删除资源] * delete 删除资源 * @return [type] [description] */ public function _delete() { curl_setopt($this->curl, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, 'DELETE');
}
/** * [doRequest 执行发送请求] * @return [type] [description] */ public function doRequest() { //发送给服务端验证信息 if((null !== self::token) && self::token){ $this->headers = array( 'Client-Token:'.self::token,//此处不能用下划线 'Client-Code:'.$this->setAuthorization() ); }
//发送头部信息
$this->setHeader();
//发送请求方式
switch ($this->requestType) {
case 'post':
$this->_post();
break;
case 'put':
$this->_put();
break;
case 'delete':
$this->_delete();
break;
default:
curl_setopt($this->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPGET, TRUE);
break;
}
//执行curl请求
$info = curl_exec($this->curl);
//获取curl执行状态信息
$this->status = $this->getInfo();
return $info;
}
/** * 设置发送的头部信息 */ private function setHeader(){ curl_setopt($this->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $this->headers); }
/** * 生成授权码 * @return string 授权码 */ private function setAuthorization(){ $authorization = md5(substr(md5(self::token), 8, 24).self::token); return $authorization; } /** * 获取curl中的状态信息 */ public function getInfo(){ return curl_getinfo($this->curl); }
/** * 关闭curl连接 */ public function __destruct(){ curl_close($this->curl); } }
完整代码从我github下载:https://github.com/phper-hard/tp5-restful