在 Linux 系统上安装 Docker 的步骤如下(以主流发行版为例):
# 1. 卸载旧版本(如有)
sudo apt-get remove docker docker-engine docker.io containerd runc
# 2. 安装依赖工具
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ca-certificates curl gnupg
# 3. 添加Docker官方GPG密钥
sudo install -m 0755 -d /etc/apt/keyrings
curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg
sudo chmod a+r /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg
# 4. 设置仓库
echo \
"deb [arch="$(dpkg --print-architecture)" signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu \
"$(. /etc/os-release && echo "$VERSION_CODENAME")" stable" | \
sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null
# 5. 安装Docker引擎
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin
# 6. 验证安装
sudo docker run hello-world
# 1. 卸载旧版本
sudo yum remove docker docker-client docker-client-latest docker-common docker-latest docker-latest-logrotate docker-logrotate docker-engine
# 2. 安装依赖
sudo yum install -y yum-utils
# 3. 设置仓库
sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
# 4. 安装Docker
sudo yum install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io
# 5. 启动服务
sudo systemctl start docker
sudo systemctl enable docker
# 6. 验证安装
sudo docker run hello-world
curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com | sudo sh
sudo usermod -aG docker $USER
sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker
sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
{
"registry-mirrors": ["https://registry.docker-cn.com"]
}
EOF
sudo systemctl restart docker
docker --version
docker info
docker run hello-world
如需安装特定版本,可以使用 apt-cache madison docker-ce
或 yum list docker-ce --showduplicates
查看可用版本后指定安装。