作为IT工程师,我可以为您提供几种使用Nginx防止钓鱼网站攻击的有效方法:
server {
listen 443 ssl;
server_name yourdomain.com;
# 使用强加密套件
ssl_ciphers 'ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:ECDHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305';
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
# 启用HSTS
add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=63072000; includeSubDomains; preload";
# 禁用不安全的协议
ssl_protocols TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
# 其他配置...
}
add_header Content-Security-Policy "default-src 'self'; script-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline' 'unsafe-eval' https://trusted.cdn.com; img-src 'self' data: https://trusted.cdn.com; style-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline' https://trusted.cdn.com; frame-ancestors 'self'; form-action 'self';";
add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block";
add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;
add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN";
对于引用的外部资源,确保使用完整性校验:
<script src="https://example.com/example.js"
integrity="sha384-oqVuAfXRKap7fdgcCY5uykM6+R9GqQ8K/uxy9rx7HNQlGYl1kPzQho1wx4JwY8wC"
crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
server {
# 只允许特定域名访问
if ($host !~* ^(yourdomain.com|www.yourdomain.com)$ ) {
return 444;
}
# 防止域名欺骗
server_name yourdomain.com www.yourdomain.com;
}
add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN";
# 或完全禁止嵌入
add_header X-Frame-Options "DENY";
保持Nginx和OpenSSL为最新版本,及时修复已知漏洞。
考虑使用ModSecurity等WAF模块:
location / {
ModSecurityEnabled on;
ModSecurityConfig modsecurity.conf;
}
设置详细的访问日志和错误日志,监控可疑活动:
http {
log_format security '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] '
'"$request" $status $body_bytes_sent '
'"$http_referer" "$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log /var/log/nginx/security.log security;
}
通过综合应用这些措施,可以显著提高网站对钓鱼攻击的防御能力。建议根据实际业务需求和安全评估结果选择适合的防护策略。