作为IT工程师，我可以为您提供几种常见的Nginx自动化脚本编写方法，包括安装、配置和管理等方面。
#!/bin/bash
# Nginx自动化安装脚本
# 适用于Ubuntu/Debian系统
# 更新系统包索引
sudo apt-get update
# 安装必要依赖
sudo apt-get install -y curl gnupg2 ca-certificates lsb-release ubuntu-keyring
# 导入官方Nginx签名密钥
curl https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key | gpg --dearmor \
| sudo tee /usr/share/keyrings/nginx-archive-keyring.gpg >/dev/null
# 验证密钥指纹
gpg --dry-run --quiet --no-keyring --import --import-options import-show /usr/share/keyrings/nginx-archive-keyring.gpg
# 设置稳定版Nginx源
echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/nginx-archive-keyring.gpg] \
http://nginx.org/packages/ubuntu `lsb_release -cs` nginx" \
| sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nginx.list
# 再次更新
sudo apt-get update
# 安装Nginx
sudo apt-get install -y nginx
# 启动Nginx服务
sudo systemctl start nginx
# 设置开机自启
sudo systemctl enable nginx
# 检查状态
sudo systemctl status nginx
echo "Nginx安装完成，访问 http://your_server_ip 查看默认页面"
#!/bin/bash
# Nginx虚拟主机自动化配置脚本
# 参数检查
if [ "$#" -ne 2 ]; then
echo "用法: $0 域名 根目录路径"
exit 1
fi
DOMAIN=$1
ROOT_DIR=$2
CONFIG_FILE="/etc/nginx/conf.d/${DOMAIN}.conf"
# 创建网站根目录
sudo mkdir -p $ROOT_DIR
sudo chown -R $USER:$USER $ROOT_DIR
sudo chmod -R 755 $ROOT_DIR
# 创建示例index.html
echo "<html><head><title>Welcome to $DOMAIN</title></head><body><h1>Success! $DOMAIN is working!</h1></body></html>" > $ROOT_DIR/index.html
# 创建Nginx配置文件
sudo tee $CONFIG_FILE > /dev/null <<EOF
server {
listen 80;
server_name $DOMAIN www.$DOMAIN;
root $ROOT_DIR;
index index.html index.htm;
location / {
try_files \$uri \$uri/ =404;
}
access_log /var/log/nginx/$DOMAIN.access.log;
error_log /var/log/nginx/$DOMAIN.error.log;
}
EOF
# 测试Nginx配置
sudo nginx -t
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
# 重启Nginx使配置生效
sudo systemctl restart nginx
echo "虚拟主机 $DOMAIN 配置完成，网站根目录: $ROOT_DIR"
else
echo "Nginx配置测试失败，请检查配置"
exit 1
fi
---
# nginx_playbook.yml
- name: Install and configure Nginx
hosts: webservers
become: yes
tasks:
- name: Install Nginx
apt:
name: nginx
state: latest
update_cache: yes
when: ansible_os_family == 'Debian'
- name: Install Nginx on CentOS
yum:
name: nginx
state: latest
when: ansible_os_family == 'RedHat'
- name: Create web root directory
file:
path: /var/www/{{ domain }}
state: directory
mode: '0755'
owner: www-data
group: www-data
- name: Copy index.html
copy:
content: "<html><body><h1>Welcome to {{ domain }}</h1></body></html>"
dest: /var/www/{{ domain }}/index.html
mode: '0644'
- name: Configure Nginx virtual host
template:
src: nginx_vhost.j2
dest: /etc/nginx/sites-available/{{ domain }}
notify:
- restart nginx
- name: Enable site
file:
src: /etc/nginx/sites-available/{{ domain }}
dest: /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/{{ domain }}
state: link
notify:
- restart nginx
handlers:
- name: restart nginx
service:
name: nginx
state: restarted
对应的Jinja2模板文件 nginx_vhost.j2:
server {
listen 80;
server_name {{ domain }} www.{{ domain }};
root /var/www/{{ domain }};
index index.html;
location / {
try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
}
}
#!/bin/bash
# Nginx Docker自动化部署脚本
# 创建本地目录存储配置和网站文件
mkdir -p ~/nginx/{conf,html,logs}
# 创建示例index.html
echo "<html><body><h1>Nginx in Docker</h1></body></html>" > ~/nginx/html/index.html
# 创建基本Nginx配置
cat > ~/nginx/conf/nginx.conf <<EOF
user nginx;
worker_processes auto;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log notice;
pid /var/run/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
log_format main '\$remote_addr - \$remote_user [\$time_local] "\$request" '
'\$status \$body_bytes_sent "\$http_referer" '
'"\$http_user_agent" "\$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
location / {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
}
}
EOF
# 运行Nginx容器
docker run -d \
--name my-nginx \
-p 80:80 \
-v ~/nginx/html:/usr/share/nginx/html \
-v ~/nginx/conf/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \
-v ~/nginx/logs:/var/log/nginx \
nginx:latest
echo "Nginx容器已启动，访问 http://localhost 查看"
#!/bin/bash
# Nginx SSL自动化配置脚本(使用Let's Encrypt)
# 检查是否已安装certbot
if ! command -v certbot &> /dev/null; then
echo "安装certbot..."
sudo apt-get install -y certbot python3-certbot-nginx
fi
# 参数检查
if [ "$#" -ne 1 ]; then
echo "用法: $0 域名"
exit 1
fi
DOMAIN=$1
# 获取SSL证书
sudo certbot --nginx -d $DOMAIN -d www.$DOMAIN
# 设置自动续期
(crontab -l 2>/dev/null; echo "0 12 * * * /usr/bin/certbot renew --quiet") | crontab -
echo "SSL证书已配置并设置自动续期"
您可以根据实际需求组合或修改这些脚本片段。需要更具体的自动化功能可以进一步说明需求，我可以提供更有针对性的解决方案。