忘记您所知道的关于字符串搜索的一切 - 尝试会让您大吃一惊！

       root
     /   |   \
    c    d    ...
   /     |
  a      o
 / \     |
t   r    g

class TrieNode {
  constructor() {
    this.children = {};
    this.isEndOfWord = false;
  }
}

class Trie {
  constructor() {
    this.root = new TrieNode();
  }

  // Insert a word into the trie
  insert(word) {
    let node = this.root;
    for (let char of word) {
      if (!node.children[char]) {
        node.children[char] = new TrieNode();
      }
      node = node.children[char];
    }
    node.isEndOfWord = true;
  }

  // Search for a word in the trie
  search(word) {
    let node = this.root;
    for (let char of word) {
      if (!node.children[char]) {
        return false;
      }
      node = node.children[char];
    }
    return node.isEndOfWord;
  }

  // Check if any word starts with the given prefix
  startsWith(prefix) {
    let node = this.root;
    for (let char of prefix) {
      if (!node.children[char]) {
        return false;
      }
      node = node.children[char];
    }
    return true;
  }
}

// Example usage
const trie = new Trie();

// Insert words
trie.insert("apple");
trie.insert("app");
trie.insert("banana");

console.log(trie.search("apple"));    // Output: true
console.log(trie.search("app"));      // Output: true
console.log(trie.search("appl"));     // Output: false
console.log(trie.startsWith("app"));  // Output: true
console.log(trie.startsWith("ban"));  // Output: true
console.log(trie.startsWith("cat"));  // Output: false